Guide

How to Register for Self Assessment

Registering for Self Assessment is usually straightforward once you know which HMRC route applies to you. The main risk is waiting too long and colliding with the 5 October registration deadline or the 31 January filing deadline.

Audience: New sole traders and first-time filers/7 min read/Last reviewed: 16 March 2026

Important: FilingFriend provides general informational guidance about UK filing requirements. It does not provide tax, accounting, or legal advice. Always confirm requirements with HMRC or Companies House.

Start with the right HMRC route

HMRC has different registration routes depending on whether you are self-employed, not self-employed but need a return, or already have a Unique Taxpayer Reference. Use the GOV.UK registration page to pick the right path.

If you are starting self-employment, HMRC may also ask for details such as the date you started trading and the nature of your business.

Allow time for account setup

Registration is not just one click. You may need to confirm identity, wait for account details, and set up online access before you can file.

That is why filing season is the wrong time to start thinking about registration for the first time.

What happens after you register

After registration, you still need to keep records, complete the tax return, and pay on time. Registration is the start of the process, not the whole process.

Once you know your first filing deadline, work backwards and set reminders well before January.

Key deadlines

ActionDeadlineWhy it matters
Start registration processAs soon as you know you will need to fileEarly action gives you time for setup and identity checks.
Tell HMRC you need Self Assessment5 October after the relevant tax yearThis is the standard HMRC registration deadline.
File your first online tax return and pay tax due31 January after the tax year endsThe registration step does not move the filing deadline.

Official references

FAQ

What do I need before I register?

The exact details depend on your route, but HMRC will usually need personal details and information about why you need to file.

Should I wait until January to register?

No. January is usually the busiest point in the process. Register earlier so you have time to receive account details and prepare the return.

Next step

Keep the main dates visible

Use the FilingFriend calendar as a quick reminder layer, then return to this guide when you need the fuller explanation or official source links.